How to Create an Ethereum Private Network with Geth?

Geth can be configured to run locally deprived of linking to any network on the internet after installation. A genesis block is also called the first block always present in every chain and network. The genesis block does not have any parents. We need a genesis.json file to create the first block.
A sample genesis.json file code snippet:

{
"config": {
"chainId": 15,
"homesteadBlock": 0,
"eip155Block": 0,
"eip158Block": 0
},
"nonce": "0x0000000000000042",
"mixhash":
"0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"difficulty": "0x200",
"alloc": {},
"coinbase": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"timestamp": "0x00",
"parentHash":
"0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"gasLimit": "0xffffffff",
"alloc": {
}
}
Steps to create a Private Network
• The genesis.json file should be delivered to Geth to initialize the private network.
• The Geth node essentials to store the blockchain data and account keys.
• This information should also be delivered to Geth while initializing the private network.
• The below geth init command makes ready the node with the genesis.json file. It initializes target data directory location to store the chain data and Keystore information:

C:\Windows\system32>geth init "C:\myeth\genesis.json" --datadir
"C:\myeth\chaindata"
Output:

How to Create an Ethereum Private Network with Geth?

• Geth can be started after a node is initialized with the genesis block.
• It uses IPC protocol by default and will be enabled.
• RPC options are essential to be if explicitly to ensure that the Geth node is reachable using RPC protocol.
• Perform the below command line for creating an environment as a Geth node:

geth --datadir "C:\myeth\chaindata" --rpc --rpcapi "eth,web3,miner,
admin,personal,net" --rpccorsdomain "*" --nodiscover --networkid 15

Output:

How to Create an Ethereum Private Network with Geth?

• The command enables RPC, modules, and APIs when executed with datadir information.
• Those are visible from this node instance when using RPC to connect.
• They are also networked of 15 denoting that it is a private network.
• The result of performing this command delivers useful insights.
• To begin with, the etherbase or coinbase is not set.
• The coinbase or etherbase account should be produced.
• This should be set before mining is started.
• It was likely to auto-start mining with this command itself.
• The information about the present database location is published on the screen.
• The output shows ChainID that is linked to a Homestead public network.
• A value of zero means it is not linked to a Homestead network.
• The output likewise comprises the encoded value.
• That is a node identifier on the network.
• They should make available this encode value to join this chain and network if more nodes want to join this network.
• The output displays that both IPC and RPC protocols are up and running and accepting requests near the end.
• The RPC endpoint is obtainable at http://127.0.0.1:8545 or http://localhost:8545
• The IPC is available at \\.\pipe\geth.ipc.
• Look at the undermentioned command line:

geth --datadir "C:\myeth\chaindata" --rpc --rpcapi
"eth,web3,miner,admin,personal,net" --rpccorsdomain "*" --
nodiscover --networkid 15
• The previous command will get the private Ethereum node up and running.
• The command runs as a service.
• Extra commands cannot be performed over it.
• Open another command window on the same computer to achieve current running Geth nodes.
• Type the Geth attach ipc:\\.\pipe\geth.ipc command for linking using IPC protocol.
Output:

How to Create an Ethereum Private Network with Geth?

• Use the command Geth attach rpc:http://localhost:8545 to connect to a private Geth instance over the RPC endpoint.
• Use Geth attach rpc:http://127.0.0.1:8545 to attach to a locally running instance of Ethereum.
• The default RPC port is 8545 on which these endpoints are hosted.
• That can be altered using the -rpcport Geth command line option.
• The IP address may be different using the -rpcaddr option:



• Now set up the coinbase or etherbase account.
• A new account should be shaped firstly.
• Use the new account method of the personal object to create a new account.
• Provide a passphrase during creating a new account.
• That turns into a password for the account.
Output:

Private Network

• Account ID should be tagged as a coinbase or etherbase account.
• The Geth supplier has to change the coinbase address. miner object with the setEtherBase function.
• This way will change the present coinbase to the provided account.
Output:

Private network

• Run the command eth. coinbase to find the current coinbase account.

eth.coinbase
• It should give output the same account address that was recently created.

Output:

Private network

• Now mining can get started.
• Meanwhile we just have one miner.
• Totally rewards would go to this miner.
• The aforementioned coinbase account would be credited with Ethers.
• Execute the following command to start mining:
miner.start()
• We can similarly use the following command line:
miner.start(4)
Output:

Private network

• The parameter to the start method signifies the number of threads used for mining.
• This would result in mining getting started.
• The same may be watched from the original command window:
Output:

Private Network

• Use the command miner. stop() to stop Mining from the second command window.