What Is the SOCI Act? A Guide for Australian Businesses

In today’s digital world, cyber threats are becoming more sophisticated, targeting critical sectors that keep Australia running. To protect these vital industries, the Australian Government introduced the soci act —a framework designed to improve the resilience and security of critical infrastructure.

But what exactly is the SOCI Act, and why should Australian businesses care about it?

In this guide, we’ll break down what the SOCI Act means, who it applies to, and why it’s important for your organisation.

What Is the SOCI Act?

The SOCI Act, officially known as the Security of Critical Infrastructure Act 2018, is a key piece of legislation introduced by the Australian Government. Its main goal is to protect critical infrastructure from cyber threats, espionage, sabotage, and other serious risks.

Critical infrastructure includes sectors that are essential to the country’s economy, security, and way of life. This covers industries like:

Energy

Communications

Financial services

Health

Transport

Water

Food and grocery

Defence industry

The SOCI Act places responsibilities on the owners and operators of these industries to better manage risks and report serious cyber incidents to the Australian Cyber Security Centre (ACSC).

Why Was the SOCI Act Introduced?

As cyber attacks on critical infrastructure increased globally, the Australian Government recognised the need for stronger protective measures. The SOCI Act helps ensure that operators of essential services have strong risk management programs in place.

Recent high-profile cyber incidents have shown how damaging attacks on supply chains and critical systems can be—not only to individual businesses but also to national security and public safety.

The SOCI Act strengthens Australia’s ability to respond to these threats by providing a framework for cooperation between government agencies and the private sector.

Key Features of the SOCI Act

Here are some of the main features of the SOCI Act that Australian businesses need to know:

Mandatory Reporting of Cyber Incidents

Businesses classified as critical infrastructure must report cyber security incidents that impact their operations. This ensures early warning and allows government agencies to provide assistance.

Register of Critical Infrastructure Assets

Owners and operators are required to provide detailed information about their assets to the government. This helps authorities understand which systems are most at risk.

Risk Management Programs

Organisations need to implement formal risk management programs that cover cyber threats, physical security risks, and supply chain risks.

Enhanced Cyber Security Obligations

In some cases, certain businesses will be subject to enhanced obligations, including independent audits and government access to operational information, to prevent or respond to threats.

Who Needs to Comply with the SOCI Act?

The SOCI Act applies to owners and operators of assets in Australia’s critical infrastructure sectors. While it mainly targets larger organisations that provide essential services, smaller businesses working within supply chains may also be affected, especially if they provide critical products or services.

If your business operates in one of these key sectors—or works closely with suppliers who do—you should understand your responsibilities under the SOCI Act.

Why the SOCI Act Matters for Australian Businesses

Even if your organisation isn’t directly responsible for critical infrastructure, the SOCI Act highlights a broader shift towards improved cyber resilience in Australia. As cyber threats increase, customers, partners, and regulators will expect businesses to take cyber security seriously.

Here’s why the SOCI Act matters:

✔ It encourages better risk management.

 ✔ It helps safeguard the economy and national security.

 ✔ It builds trust with customers and stakeholders.

 ✔ It aligns businesses with global trends in cyber security regulation.

By understanding the SOCI Act and taking proactive steps to strengthen your defences, you can help protect not only your own business but also the industries that Australia depends on.

How to Stay Compliant with the SOCI Act

Here are a few practical steps your business can take:

Stay informed about SOCI Act requirements relevant to your sector

Work with cyber security professionals to strengthen your systems

Develop a formal risk management plan

Establish procedures for reporting cyber incidents promptly

Engage with industry bodies and government resources for guidance

The SOCI Act is a crucial step in Australia’s fight against growing cyber threats. For businesses operating in or alongside critical sectors, understanding this legislation is essential. By staying informed, strengthening your cyber defences, and building risk management programs, you can play your part in keeping Australia secure.