Types of Glaucoma Surgeries Explained by a Specialist

Glaucoma is a progressive eye condition that damages the optic nerve, often due to increased pressure inside the eye. If left untreated, it can lead to permanent vision loss. While many people manage glaucoma with medications or laser treatments, others may need surgical intervention to lower intraocular pressure (IOP) and preserve their eyesight.

For those seeking glaucoma treatment in Chinchwad, understanding the available surgical options is essential. Glaucoma surgery isn’t one-size-fits-all. The right procedure depends on the type and severity of your glaucoma, your response to previous treatments, and other personal health factors. In this blog, we’ll walk you through the most common types of glaucoma surgeries—explained in simple terms.

1. Trabeculectomy

What is it?

Trabeculectomy is one of the oldest and most commonly performed glaucoma surgeries. It’s typically recommended when medications and laser treatments have failed to control eye pressure.

How does it work?

In this procedure, the surgeon creates a small flap in the white part of the eye (sclera) and a tiny drainage hole underneath. This allows excess fluid (aqueous humor) to escape from the eye, reducing the pressure. The fluid drains into a small reservoir or “bleb” created under the eyelid, where it is absorbed naturally.

Who is it for?

Patients with moderate to severe glaucoma who haven’t responded well to other treatments.

2. Glaucoma Drainage Devices (Tube Shunts)

What is it?

Also known as glaucoma implants or tube shunts, this surgery involves placing a small flexible tube in the eye to help drain fluid.

How does it work?

The tube is inserted into the front chamber of the eye, and the other end is connected to a small plate implanted under the conjunctiva (the clear membrane covering the white of the eye). The fluid is redirected to the plate and slowly absorbed, reducing eye pressure.

Who is it for?

Often used for patients with complex or secondary glaucoma, or those who have not responded well to trabeculectomy.

3. Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery (MIGS)

What is it?

MIGS is a newer class of surgical techniques designed to lower eye pressure with less risk and quicker recovery time compared to traditional surgeries.

How does it work?

There are several types of MIGS procedures, including tiny stents, microscopic incisions, or devices that improve fluid outflow. MIGS is typically performed at the same time as cataract surgery, making it a good choice for patients with both conditions.

Who is it for?

Patients with mild to moderate glaucoma who are looking for a safer, less invasive option.

4. Laser Cyclophotocoagulation

What is it?

This is a laser procedure used to reduce the production of fluid inside the eye.

How does it work?

A laser targets and treats the ciliary body (the part of the eye that produces fluid), lowering the overall fluid level and reducing pressure. It can be done externally or internally, depending on the case.

Who is it for?

Patients with advanced or difficult-to-treat glaucoma, often after other surgeries have failed.

5. Laser Peripheral Iridotomy (LPI)

What is it?

This laser surgery is primarily used for people with angle-closure glaucoma or those at high risk of developing it.

How does it work?

A small hole is created in the iris (the colored part of the eye) to allow fluid to flow more freely and relieve pressure buildup behind the iris.

Who is it for?

Individuals with narrow or blocked drainage angles in the eye.

Final Thoughts

Glaucoma surgery can sound intimidating, but it’s often a crucial step in preventing vision loss when other treatments aren’t enough. Each procedure has its own benefits and risks, and a glaucoma specialist will help you choose the one that’s best for your condition.

If you’ve been diagnosed with glaucoma or are concerned about your eye pressure, don’t wait—consult a specialist. For trusted glaucoma treatment in Chinchwad, timely care and the right surgical approach can help preserve your sight and improve your quality of life.